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转载——液压半桥与液阻网络详解(二)[0]

Posted on 2023年11月14日 by

液压半桥(将电工学中惠斯登半桥概念引过来,帮助理解液压问题)

(一)半桥的引出

以先导式溢流阀为例,实际上先导油路就是一个最典型的液压半桥。附图1、2就是这种从结构剖面图、液压原理图到液压半桥原理图的过渡。

图1

图2

主阀实际上就是先导液桥的控制对象。半桥是一种不用进行数值计算,就可对基本原理与功能、特性,进行分析的实用工具。

(二)半桥的基本原则

1、两液阻至少一个可变;

2、两液阻(当量液阻)间引出液桥输出信号(分析时先找到引出点,之前之后各1个液阻);

3、可变液阻的变化要与输入控制信号相关联;

4、液压半桥可以并联;(例:双喷嘴挡板伺服阀)

5、液压半桥可以多级串联---一级的输出就是下一级的输入;

6、导液桥是由液阻构成的无源网络,由此需要由外部压力源供油。

(三)半桥的3种基本类型与特性

95%以上为B型半桥;A型的压力增益、流量增益为B型的1倍。所谓半桥的特性,就是讲输入信号改变时,半桥的输出压力(稳态)或者压力与流量(动态过渡过程),会有怎么样的变化,如图3所示。图3的坐标比较特别。

图3

1) 横坐标:表示阀芯离开原始开度Y0的相对值Y/Y0,坐标零点在中间,右边0到正1(阀芯右移),左边0到负1(阀芯左移);

2) 纵坐标:表示半桥输出到被控油腔的压力P与油源压力P0之比P/P0,零点在横坐标当中,最上头是1;

3) 斜45度坐标:表示半桥输出到被控油腔的流量Q与油源流量Q0之比Q/Q0。零点在中间,上半部分为负(被控油腔油往外流),下半部分为正(控制油流向被控油腔)。

4) 在所有曲线中,最具代表性是Q/Q0=0的那条粗线,它表示阀处于稳定状态,也就是没有控制油流进被控油腔,被控油腔中也没有油液流出。

总之,从这条粗线可以看到,改变液阻的大小(就是横坐标的Y/Y0),就可以改变液桥的输出P/P0。这就是液桥的控制作用。一般只要有这个概念就可以了。

参考资料:

  1. www.ihydrostatics.com

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