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科氏力[0]

Posted on 2023年11月14日 by
科里奥利力(英语:Coriolis Force;简称科氏力)是一种惯性力,是对旋转体系中进行直线运动的质点由于惯性相对于旋转体系产生的直线运动的偏移的一种描述。此现象由法国著名数学家兼物理学家古斯塔夫·科里奥利发现,因而得名。

物理学中的科里奥利力
科里奥利力来自于物体运动所具有的惯性,在旋转体系中进行直线运动的质点,由于惯性的作用,有沿着原有运动方向继续运动的趋势,但是由于体系本身是旋转的,在经历了一段时间的运动之后,体系中质点的位置会有所变化,而它原有的运动趋势的方向,如果以旋转体系的视角去观察,就会发生一定程度的偏离。

如上图所示,当一个质点相对于惯性系做直线运动时,相对于旋转体系,其轨迹是一条曲线。立足于旋转体系,我们认为有一个力驱使质点运动轨迹形成曲线,这个力就是科里奥利力。

根据牛顿力学的理论,以旋转体系为参照系,这种质点的直线运动偏离原有方向的倾向被归结为一个外加力的作用,这就是科里奥利力。从物理学的角度考虑,科里奥利力与离心力一样,都不是真实存在的力,而是惯性作用在非惯性系内的体现。

参考资料:

  1. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%E5%88%A9%E5%8A%9B
  2. http://www.shakic.com/cp/product9.htm

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