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液压缸的锁定装置[0]

Posted on 2023年11月14日 by

对于运动的液压缸在其停止状态或者其他故障条件下需要将油缸固定。常用的固定有两种:一种在异常发生时锁定在当前位置,另外一种就是将缸固定在特定位置。其中难度最大的是故障发生时将其锁定在当前位置。

应对此类需求,主要解决方案主要有以下几种:

1)插销式锁

此种方式主要用于在设备运动的特定情况下实现在特定位置的锁定,典型的是在停机且有负载的情况下,将其锁定在某个位置,常见在减摇鳍的中位锁止,其通过机械或者液压方式实现落锁,将外部载荷转移到锁的承力部件上,实现液压系统的停机。主要用于受控的方式卸荷液压系统,即此时系统无故障。对于系统有故障的情况,也采用此方式,需要有紧急备用能源实现液压缸运动到受控位置。

2)液压阀门锁

此种方式主要采用双向液控单向阀实现液压锁,其一般布置在液压控制阀和液压缸中间,需要安装在液压缸上。其原理主要是将液压两腔液体锁定,通过液压高的体积弹性模量实现锁定,这种方式能够大范围的实现锁定(即任意位置落锁),但是并不是完全锁止,因为存在泄露或者液体弹性模量的原因,液压缸在某个小范围内还是存在运动。这种方式使用时需要额外的安全措施,即当外部的负载超过某个范围时,需要能够将超出缸能够承受的压力通过额外的装置释放掉,避免缸体结构损坏而引起更大的事故。

对于存在重力负载的情况,还可以采用平衡阀(布赫bbv平衡阀的原理和特性)或者平衡回路实现故障下的缸的锁定。

3)电子锁

电子控制的液压缸的锁定,实际上是位置液压伺服控制的一种特例,将位置控制用于锁定功能上。因此这种方式是系统不能够有故障的,且系统受控。

4)汉臣Ratio-Clamp

汉臣的Ratio-Clamp的原理如下:

其本质上是通过锁紧套上的摩擦片和活塞杆摩擦进行锁定,锁定活塞是促使其接触的外力。

参考资料:

  1. https://www.haenchen.cn/service/download.html#products

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